Definition
Last Review/Updated: January 6, 2003
Exotic pests are organisms that are introduced into an area that is beyond their natural range of occurrence and become pests in the new environment. They are also referred to as alien, non-native, or introduced pests. Past introductions have been intentional or unintentional. Having evolved in a different ecosystem these non-native species may have few natural enemies, which can often lead to outbreak populations and can decimate native species. For example, the western white pine population was decimated by the white pine blister rust, which was introduced to British Columbia in the early 1900's.
Alberta Sustainable Resource Development, in conjunction with the Canadian Forest Service and Canadian Food Inspection Agency, detects and monitors exotic forest pest species within Alberta. Critical Pest Infestation Response Plans have been set up for invasive exotic species, such as Asian longhorned beetle to eliminate the pest as soon as it is detected in Alberta.
Many species of plants are also considered exotic pests, although they are often referred to as invasive plants or weeds. Alberta Sustainable Resource Development detects, monitors and controls these plants within the Green Area, as defined under the Timber Management Regulation 60/73, of the Province. This is done in conjunction with other land owners and municipal, provincial and federal agencies. Unlike other exotic pests, many invasive exotic plants have established in Alberta, and the current management practices of these have been geared to limit their spread. Continuous vigilance is necessary; many invasive exotic plants continue to pose a threat of establishing in Alberta and other parts of Canada.
The Canadian Food Inspection Agency is responsible for monitoring and regulating exotic pests in Canada, and the administration and enforcement of the regulations for quarantine pests under the Plant Protection Act.
