Snowshoe (Varying) Hare
Last Review/Updated: May 31, 2002
Lepus americanus
The snowshoe hare is the most widely distributed lagomorph in Canada, occupying all forested regions from treeline in the Arctic to the treed coulees and river bottoms of the prairies. Adults weigh about 1.5 kg (3.3 lb). The snowshoe hare has very broad hind feet, and larger ears than the cottontail. In summer, its fur is grizzled reddish or greyish brown on the upperparts, and white on the underparts. In winter, its coat turns completely white, except for black on the tips of the ears. At this time the large hind feet are covered with thick and stiff hairs. These feet act like snowshoes (hence the name), allowing the animal to "float" on top of the snow, instead of sinking in it. The tracks left in the snow are distinctive.
Breeding season starts in March and may continue into summer. Litters of about 4 young are born to each doe (female) about a month after mating. Young are precocial, being born with long hair, and eyes open. They are able to leave the doe's simple above-ground nest a few days after birth. Does may breed several times during the year, some having as many as 4 litters. This fecundity is a major factor in the large population changes that occur over the years.
In summer, snowshoe hares eat a variety of grasses and forbs. In winter, they eat the buds, bark, and branches of shrubs and small trees.
